CAR-T cell therapy (Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell therapy) is a groundbreaking form of immunotherapy that uses a patient’s own immune cells to fight cancer. It is primarily used for blood cancers like leukemia and lymphoma but is being researched for other types of cancer as well.
The treatment process begins with extracting T cells, a type of white blood cell, from the patient’s blood. These cells are then genetically modified in a laboratory to produce special receptors called chimeric antigen receptors (CARs). These CARs enable the T cells to recognize and attack specific cancer cells when reintroduced into the patient’s body.
Once infused back into the patient, the engineered CAR-T cells multiply and aggressively seek out and destroy cancer cells. This personalized approach enhances the body’s natural immune response, making it highly effective in cases where traditional treatments like chemotherapy and radiation have failed. Some patients experience complete remission after CAR-T therapy, showcasing its potential as a revolutionary cancer treatment.
Despite its success, CAR-T therapy comes with challenges, including high costs, potential severe side effects like cytokine release syndrome (CRS), and limited accessibility in some regions, including Tanzania. However, with ongoing research and advancements, efforts are being made to make this life-saving treatment more widely available.
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